LymphedemaV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 003559

Individual Correlates of Podoconiosis in Areas of Varying Endemicity: A Case-Control Study

Identifieur interne : 003559 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003558; suivant : 003560

Individual Correlates of Podoconiosis in Areas of Varying Endemicity: A Case-Control Study

Auteurs : Yordanos B. Molla [Éthiopie, Royaume-Uni] ; Jennifer S. Le Blond [Royaume-Uni] ; Nicola Wardrop [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter Baxter [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter M. Atkinson [Royaume-Uni] ; Melanie J. Newport [Royaume-Uni] ; Gail Davey [Royaume-Uni]

Source :

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [ 1935-2727 ] ; 2013.

RBID : PMC:3854961

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Chaussures, Enfant, Facteurs de risque, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Maladies endémiques, Mâle, Prise de risque, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Éléphantiasis (épidémiologie), Éthiopie (épidémiologie), Études cas-témoins.
MESH :
- épidémiologie : Éléphantiasis, Éthiopie.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Chaussures, Enfant, Facteurs de risque, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Maladies endémiques, Mâle, Prise de risque, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Études cas-témoins.
Wicri :
- geographic : Éthiopie.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Child, Elephantiasis (epidemiology), Endemic Diseases, Ethiopia (epidemiology), Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Shoes, Young Adult.
MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Ethiopia.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Child, Endemic Diseases, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Shoes, Young Adult.

Abstract

Background

Podoconiosis is a non-filarial form of elephantiasis resulting in lymphedema of the lower legs. Previous studies have suggested that podoconiosis arises from the interplay of individual and environmental factors. Here, our aim was to understand the individual-level correlates of podoconiosis by comparing 460 podoconiosis-affected individuals and 707 unaffected controls.

Methods/principal findings

This was a case-control study carried out in six kebeles (the lowest governmental administrative unit) in northern Ethiopia. Each kebele was classified into one of three endemicity levels: ‘low’ (prevalence <1%), ‘medium’ (1–5%) and ‘high’ (>5%). A total of 142 (30.7%) households had two or more cases of podoconiosis. Compared to controls, the majority of the cases, especially women, were less educated (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.3 to 2.2), were unmarried (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.6–4.6) and had lower income (t = −4.4, p<0.0001). On average, cases started wearing shoes ten years later than controls. Among cases, age of first wearing shoes was positively correlated with age of onset of podoconiosis (r = 0.6, t = 12.5, p<0.0001). Among all study participants average duration of shoe wearing was less than 30 years. Between both cases and controls, people in ‘high’ and ‘medium’ endemicity kebeles were less likely than people in ‘low’ endemicity areas to ‘ever’ have owned shoes (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.4–0.7).

Conclusions

Late use of shoes, usually after the onset of podoconiosis, and inequalities in education, income and marriage were found among cases, particularly among females. There were clustering of cases within households, thus interventions against podoconiosis will benefit from household-targeted case tracing. Most importantly, we identified a secular increase in shoe-wearing over recent years, which may give opportunities to promote shoe-wearing without increasing stigma among those at high risk of podoconiosis.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3854961

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002554
PubMed: 24340109
PubMed Central: 3854961

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over</term>
<term>Case-Control Studies</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Elephantiasis (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Endemic Diseases</term>
<term>Ethiopia (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
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<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Risk Factors</term>
<term>Risk-Taking</term>
<term>Shoes</term>
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<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Chaussures</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Facteurs de risque</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Maladies endémiques</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Prise de risque</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term>
<term>Éléphantiasis (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Éthiopie (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Études cas-témoins</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Éléphantiasis</term>
<term>Éthiopie</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Aged, 80 and over</term>
<term>Case-Control Studies</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Endemic Diseases</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Risk Factors</term>
<term>Risk-Taking</term>
<term>Shoes</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Chaussures</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Facteurs de risque</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Maladies endémiques</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Prise de risque</term>
<term>Sujet âgé</term>
<term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term>
<term>Études cas-témoins</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Podoconiosis is a non-filarial form of elephantiasis resulting in lymphedema of the lower legs. Previous studies have suggested that podoconiosis arises from the interplay of individual and environmental factors. Here, our aim was to understand the individual-level correlates of podoconiosis by comparing 460 podoconiosis-affected individuals and 707 unaffected controls.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods/principal findings</title>
<p>This was a case-control study carried out in six <italic>kebeles</italic>
 (the lowest governmental administrative unit) in northern Ethiopia. Each <italic>kebele</italic>
 was classified into one of three endemicity levels: ‘low’ (prevalence <1%), ‘medium’ (1–5%) and ‘high’ (>5%). A total of 142 (30.7%) households had two or more cases of podoconiosis. Compared to controls, the majority of the cases, especially women, were less educated (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.3 to 2.2), were unmarried (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.6–4.6) and had lower income (<italic>t</italic>
 = −4.4, <italic>p</italic>
<0.0001). On average, cases started wearing shoes ten years later than controls. Among cases, age of first wearing shoes was positively correlated with age of onset of podoconiosis (<italic>r</italic>
 = 0.6, <italic>t</italic>
 = 12.5, <italic>p</italic>
<0.0001). Among all study participants average duration of shoe wearing was less than 30 years. Between both cases and controls, people in ‘high’ and ‘medium’ endemicity <italic>kebeles</italic>
 were less likely than people in ‘low’ endemicity areas to ‘ever’ have owned shoes (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.4–0.7).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Late use of shoes, usually after the onset of podoconiosis, and inequalities in education, income and marriage were found among cases, particularly among females. There were clustering of cases within households, thus interventions against podoconiosis will benefit from household-targeted case tracing. Most importantly, we identified a secular increase in shoe-wearing over recent years, which may give opportunities to promote shoe-wearing without increasing stigma among those at high risk of podoconiosis.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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Individual Correlates of Podoconiosis in Areas of Varying Endemicity: A Case-Control Study

Individual Correlates of Podoconiosis in Areas of Varying Endemicity: A Case-Control Study

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